We for that reason divide the experiment in three elements with an equivalent variety of trials . We will regard the evaluate that correlate with the subjects choices in all 3 parts of the experiment as the steps that underlie mass perception. In the introduction, we argued that making use of a evaluate based on the relation of work and movement would forecast an boost of perceived mass with further hold off in an admittance-managed haptic gadget. To check which measure is the best clarification of the subjects judgements, we analysed the elements of details that topics based mostly their selections on during the experiment.The suggest percentages over topics with common deviations can be observed in Fig 4.

journal.pone.0138022.g002

As envisioned, several steps showed a obvious correspondence with the conclusions in the very first component of the experiment. In afterwards parts there are no lengthier considerable correspondences. In this research of carefully pushing a virtual mass we confirmed that delays between the enter of the person and comments of the system to the person in an admittance-controlled system increased the perceived inertial mass of an object. The perceived mass elevated ~ten% with a hold off of 25ms and ~twenty% with a delay of 50ms.To preserve balance at the cheapest values of the staircases a reference mass of 6kg was employed, which is relatively higher for responsibilities with these types of haptic units. How big the effect of delays would be on lighter digital masses is still unknown and need to be tested in other products. Predicting the final results dependent on the Weber fraction, a theory identified in mass notion, it is likely that the fraction of the influence and the mass is much more or significantly less continual.

The Weber fraction of mass is about ten% for inertial mass, which is far more than twice the action dimensions in our experiment. This might clarify why not all staircases for all topics fully converged in the assortment of the experiment.Similar to the examine of Pressman et al., in which they analyzed the perception of delayed stiffness, we employed various steps to make clear the conduct and the mass judgments of the topics. In their study the peak drive/penetration ratio gave the very best predicting results . In our part analysis, we identified that the choice of the subjects in the 2nd and 3rd part of the trials was also tough to predict from the exerted pressure and ensuing motion utilizing power, velocity, duration and distance actions and we did not uncover actions that significantly correlated with the choice of the topic when the perceptual variations had been modest.

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