435]. Subsequently its activation, NFB translocate for the cell nucleus and binds
435]. Subsequently its activation, NFB translocate for the cell nucleus and binds to the target DNA gene promoter area [46]. Luciferase assay was performed transfecting series of plasmids into PC3 cells with luciferase reporter gene. The information showed down regulation of NFB blocking the improvement and progression of prostate cancer cells (PC3) [47]. Curcumin showed a potent antiproliferative effect on melanoma cell lines by NFB inhibition. 3 melanoma cell lines had been treated with curcumin and it has shown a decreasing of NFB binding activity via electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), and an inhibition of cell viability in a dosedependent manner with IC50 ranging from six. to 7.7 [48]. 2..2. AP The activating protein (AP) transcription issue is related to control an comprehensive array of cellular processes, which includes cell proliferation. Dysfunctions inside the AP transcription aspect levels are related towards the growth and progression of a lot of types of cancer [49]. AP showed to become expected for binding in the involucrin (hINV), which can be a marker of keratinocyte differentiation [50]. Applying a HighThroughput CellBased Assay, it was identified potentials AP inhibitors. Within this assay, curcumin has shown inhibiting AP in the dosedependent manner with IC50 values of 00 [5]. In a diverse study, utilizing fluorescent cellstaining assay it was shown that curcumin also suppress the in vitro growth of PC3 cells. By a luciferase assay, it was determined the intracellular signal pathway through inhibition of androgeninduced AP activity in prostate cancer cells (PC3). Flow cytometry data indicated that curcumin arrested 57.29 of PC3 cells in G2M phase, and lowered to 23.89 of cells in the S phase [47]. 2..3. EGREarly Growth Response The Early Development Response gene (EGR) is activated by stress, injury, mitogens and differentiation [52]. This gene regulates PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19578846 the ALS-8112 expression of other genes, that are involved within the manage of growth and apoptosis including: p2, p53, PTEN, Gadd45 [53]. Curcumin suppressed proliferation in human highmetastatic NSCLC cells 95D by EGR within a dosedependent manner. NSCLC cells transfected with EGR siRNA notably inhibited EGR expression, especially siRNA3 [52]. Also, it has been identified that curcumin inhibits human colon cancer cell growth via suppressing EGR [54]. 2..4. Catenin The catenin is located in three cellular pools (cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus), mostly in the cell membrane [55]. The key event with the activation of Wntcatenin pathway is the nuclear translocation of betacatenin, which binds to Tcell factor (TCF) in the nucleus [56]. The intracellular levels of betacatenin are regulated by the phosphorylation of GSK3. Curcumin showed suppressing this phosphorylation in LNCaP prostate cancer cells, inducing the degradation of betacatenin affecting the cell proliferation [56]. Curcumin suppressed cell growth by inhibiting the activation of Wntcatenin pathway in desmoplastic cerebellar medulloblastoma (DAOY) cells. Within this study, the expression of nuclear betacatenin was significantly decreased; on the other hand, there was no effect on the expression of cytoplasmic betacatenin levels. In addition, curcumin market the activation of GSK3 and its downstream target cyclin D. The authors concluded that curcumin might be useful within the medulloblastoma therapy [57].Nutrients 206, 8,4 of2.2. Protein Kinases Protein kinases are a group of tyrosine or serinethreonine kinase enzymes whose function will be to modify other people proteins by attac.