Nual precipitation 261 mm Central valley floor dominated by Ericaceous evergreen (Cassiope tetragona), by heaths and arctic willow (Salix arctica)j, and by snow-beds, grasslands, and fens. This High Arctic ecosystem has fairly low biodiversity and low species redundancy BioBasis programme of NERI, Danish Environmental Protection Agency, CALM (Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring), ECOGLOBE (Aarhus University), INTERACT, World Wildlife Fund, GeoBasis, NARPProjectscollected data on a wide number of variables due to the fact 1975 (Hobbie 2014). The long-term investigation internet site inside the Zackenberg Valley (Table 1) is situated around the coast of northeast Greenland where environmental and ecological information have been collected because 1995 (National Environmental Research Institute, Aarhus University2). Both web sites are underlain by numerous meters of continuous permafrost and have equivalent typical annualhttp:information.g-e-m.dk.temperatures of -8 . Summers, on the other hand, are shorter and cooler at Zackenberg (4.5 ) than at Toolik (9 ). The brief and cool summers with the Zackenberg valley restrict the PubMed ID:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21301620 variety of vascular plant species inside the dominant moist heath tundra so this High Arctic site features a somewhat low biodiversity (Callaghan 2005; Schmidt et al. 2012). In contrast, the rolling uplands in the Low Arctic Toolik web-site are dominated by dwarf-shrub heath-tussock tundra and have many much more plant species. Bliss (1997) surveyed the North American Arctic, including Greenland, and reported that the Higher Arctic has 300 species, mainly herbaceous types, even though the Low Arctic has 700 species, which includes numerous woody species like birch and willow.The Author(s) 2017. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com www.kva.seenSAmbio 2017, 46(Suppl. 1):S160MATERIALS AND Solutions Environmental and ecological monitoring at Toolik and Zackenberg The monitoring plan at Toolik includes measurements on streams, lakes, and tundra (Table 2). Within this write-up, we contain benefits of permafrost temperatures, vegetation growth, thaw depth, and lake alkalinity (Cherry et al. 2014; Shaver et al. 2014; Kling et al. 2014), extend the air temperature data, and add long-term satellite measures of plant biomass. The monitoring system of tundra and lakes at Zackenberg involves climate, the thickness in the active layer, plant neighborhood abundance, and productivity, and trends in terrestrial and freshwater ecosystem elements. Strategies for information from Toolik Cherry et al. (2014) described the surface air temperature (SAT) for the Toolik Field Station for the period (-)-DHMEQ biological activity 1989010 (Fig. two). Right here we update the annual information via 2014 (Fig. 2) as well as separately analyze the air temperature in winter, spring, summer, and fall seasons (Fig. 3).Romanovsky et al. (2010) measured permafrost temperatures when a year because 1983 at a depth of 20 m in boreholes along the Dalton Highway. As a a part of the international CALM program (Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring described in Brown et al. 2000), summer time thaw depth of your active layer in moist acidic tundra at Toolik was measured employing steel probes at 96 person web sites inside a 200 9 900 m grid. At each and every website, 3 measurements were averaged, along with a grand average of all web sites was calculated for every of two dates in summers from 1990 to 2011. Added information on thawing the soil came for measures of alkalinity in Toolik Lake. Alkalinity was determined by potentiometric titration (Kling et al. 1992, 2000) and was averaged across depth and.