E. A cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) on a treadmill (Saturn, h/p/cosmos, Nussdorf raunstein, Germany) was performed within four weeks with the race. Employing the portable metabolic method (Metamax 3B, Cortex Biophysik GmbH, Leipzig, Germany), oxygen consumption (VO2) was measured. A progressive physical exercise test was performed using the treadmill speed elevated just about every two min. by 1 km/h. Data in the person operating speed tests and oxygen uptake were utilized to calculate the running energy price of your race working with the indirect calorimetry strategy [37]. The amount of energy spent per run was compared with all the amount of energy supplied within the form of food. The power balance was presented as a percentage of your ratio of calories supplied within the kind of food for the energy expenditure on work. 2.two. Biochemical Analysis Capillary lactic acid (LA) and glucose (Glu) assessments were performed utilizing the Biosen C-Line Glucose and Lactate TXA2/TP Formulation analyser (EKF Diagnostics, Cardiff, Uk). To assess high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels, an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay system (ECLIA) making use of a Roche Cobas e411 analyzer (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany) was utilised. The detection limit within this strategy was 0.three mg/L. Serum samples were obtained and frozen at -20 C until evaluation of adipokines employing a industrial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), based on the manufacturer’s instructions. All samples have been tested in duplicate. Serum resistin and chemerin levels have been Sigma 1 Receptor drug determined making use of kits from Mediagnost (Reutlingen, Germany). Regarding resistin, the intra-assay variation coefficients (CV) ranged involving 4.49.97 , and inter-assay CV involving 3.37.67 . Concerning chemerin, the intra-assay CV was in between 2.02.76 , as well as the inter-assay CV was between 4.38.87 . The analytical sensitivity of these assays was 12 pg/mL for resistin and five pg/mL for chemerin.Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17,4 of2.three. Statistical Analysis All outcomes for categorical variables were presented as a quantity. Continuous variables were expressed as imply values and typical deviations (SD) or median values and interquartile ranges (IQR) in accordance with normal or non-normal information distribution. A Wilcoxon test for paired samples or even a Mann hitney test for unpaired samples were applied to evaluate continuous information. To assess the correlation among continuous variables, the Spearman test was applied. All tests had been two-sided with a significance level of p 0.05. Statistical analyses have been performed applying Statistica 10 PL (Krak , StatSoft, Poland). three. Results Anthropometric and operating characteristics at baseline and coaching history of studied participants are expressed in Tables 1 and two.Table 1. Anthropometric and coaching traits at baseline and coaching history of subjects. Parameter Age (years) Physique weight (kg) Height (cm) Physique fat Physique fat absolutely free mass (kg) BMI (kg/m2) Duration of education (years) Weekly operating distance (km) Imply Value SD or Median Value and IQR 42.5 eight.9 a 78.two 8.eight a 178.0 4.three a 13.3 three.two a 67.6 5.9 a 24.6 two.two a five.0 (three.five.0) b 70 (455) bData had been expressed as a mean values normal deviation (SD) or b median values and interquartile ranges (IQR) according to typical or non-normal data distribution; BMI–body mass index.Table two. Ultra-marathon one hundred km race efficiency measures. Parameter Distance (km) Ultra-marathon time (h) Ultra-marathon operating velocity (km/h) Energy intake in the course of the run (kcal) Liquid intake during the run (ml) Power expe.